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<title>bioRxiv Subject Collection: Pharmacology And Toxicology</title>
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This feed contains articles for bioRxiv Subject Collection "Pharmacology And Toxicology"
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<title>bioRxiv</title>
<url>https://www.biorxiv.org/sites/default/files/bioRxiv_article.jpg</url>
<link>https://www.biorxiv.org</link>
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<item rdf:about="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.08.04.742804v1?rss=1">
<title>
<![CDATA[
Behavioural flexibility masks delayed costs of environmental instability 
]]>
</title>
<link>
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.08.04.742804v1?rss=1
</link>
<description><![CDATA[
Environmental predictability influences the value of information acquired through experience, yet relatively little is known about how instability in resource characteristics influences behavioural organisation during foraging. We tested whether repeated changes in floral orientation, a manipulation of environmental predictability, affect pollen foraging in bumblebees (Bombus terrestris) by exposing naive workers to either stable floral conditions (single flower orientation) or repeated inter-trial changes in flower orientation (three alternating flower orientations), under constant resource availability. We quantified pollen collection, foraging efficiency, revisitation behaviour, floral coverage and sonication behaviour across three successive foraging trials of either constant or variable flower orientation, before assessing performance in a common post-treatment preference test in which bees were offered all three flower orientations and higher pollen rewards. Environmental instability altered the organisation of foraging behaviour. Bees exposed to unstable floral conditions progressively reduced flower revisitation behaviour and were less likely to perform sonication, although floral coverage, defined as the number of unique flowers visited, remained unchanged. Contrary to our predictions, instability had only weak immediate effects on pollen acquisition and foraging efficiency compared to bees tested under stable conditions. However, previous exposure to instability generated carry-over effects in the common post-treatment preference test. Bees previously exposed to unstable conditions were significantly less likely to return with pollen and consequently collected less pollen overall than bees previously exposed to stable conditions. Our results demonstrate that environmental instability can influence pollen foraging in ways that are not captured by immediate measures of performance. Although behavioural adjustments appeared to buffer short-term consequences during repeated foraging trials, carry-over effects were evident when bees were later tested in a common high-reward, multi-orientation floral array. These findings highlight the importance of considering both behavioural flexibility and carry-over effects when evaluating how organisms respond to changing environments.
]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[ Rossi, N., Nicholls, E. ]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2026-08-10</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.64898/2026.08.04.742804</dc:identifier>
<dc:title><![CDATA[Behavioural flexibility masks delayed costs of environmental instability]]></dc:title>
<dc:publisher>Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory</dc:publisher>
<prism:publicationDate>2026-08-10</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section></prism:section>
</item>
<item rdf:about="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.08.04.742765v1?rss=1">
<title>
<![CDATA[
Antinociceptive properties of an oral formulation of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol in aqueous 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin in female rats 
]]>
</title>
<link>
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.08.04.742765v1?rss=1
</link>
<description><![CDATA[
Background: Cannabis derivatives have been reported to possess antinociceptive properties. However, oral delivery is limited by poor bioavailability, stability, and reliability of effects. Previously, we reported an analgesic effect of the aqueous complex {Delta}9-tetrahydrocannabinol/2-hydroxypropyl-{beta}-cyclodextrin (THC/HP{beta}CD) after intracerebroventricular administration in male rats. Methods: Here, we investigated the analgesic effects of the THC/HP{beta}CD complex after oral administration (0.3 and 3 mg/kg) by the tail flick test after both acute and chronic administration (15 days) in female rats. Locomotor activity and anxiety-like behavior were also evaluated at the same experimental conditions. Moreover, dopamine and glutamate content in the periaqueductal gray (PAG), a key area for the antinociceptive action of THC, were also measured by HPLC. Results: After acute administration, the antinociceptive effect of the complex was seen at 3 but not 0.3 mg/kg THC, with a maximum effect observed at 30 min (MPE 60%). Similar results were obtained after 15 days of treatment, although partially reduced (max MPE 20%). Reductions in locomotor activity with the dose of 3 mg/kg and a slight biphasic effect of the two doses on anxiety-like behavior were also observed. Finally, neurochemical analyses revealed that the dose of 3 mg/kg significantly increased dopamine and glutamate content in the PAG, an effect no longer present after 15 days of treatment. Conclusions: Our results highlight the antinociceptive efficacy of the THC/HP{beta}CD complex also after oral administration, notably higher than that previously seen with other carriers, although with some degree of tolerance after chronic administration. From a translational point of view, these results are relevant for the development of THC-based oral formulations with analgesic properties for the treatment of pain in humans.
]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[ Bagheri, F., Scherma, M., Murru, E., Contena, G., Banni, S., Argiolas, A., Melis, M. R., Fadda, P., Sanna, F. ]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2026-08-10</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.64898/2026.08.04.742765</dc:identifier>
<dc:title><![CDATA[Antinociceptive properties of an oral formulation of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol in aqueous 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin in female rats]]></dc:title>
<dc:publisher>Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory</dc:publisher>
<prism:publicationDate>2026-08-10</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section></prism:section>
</item>
<item rdf:about="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.08.03.742611v1?rss=1">
<title>
<![CDATA[
A foundational in vivo platform for predicting human health outcomes 
]]>
</title>
<link>
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.08.03.742611v1?rss=1
</link>
<description><![CDATA[
Rodents remain the workhorse of preclinical drug development, yet often fail to predict human clinical outcomes. Existing alternatives are similarly constrained. Cells in culture cannot recapitulate whole-organism physiology, and larger mammals cannot be studied at comparable throughput. Here we present a scalable, information-dense platform that can predict a drug's long-term human clinical outcomes from 24 hours of rodent behavior. A novel home-cage system continuously records behavior, generating thousands of features per hour. Models are trained on human clinical trial data to map these features onto outcomes including gastrointestinal adverse events, cardiac toxicity, neuropsychiatric side effects, and long-term weight loss. In addition to being an order of magnitude faster, the platform provides more accurate clinical predictions than standard long-term preclinical experiments. The approach readily extends to other outcomes, enabling rodents to serve as quantitative models for human clinical prediction.
]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[ Roseberry, T., Krausz, T., Williams, G., Tingley, D. ]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2026-08-09</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.64898/2026.08.03.742611</dc:identifier>
<dc:title><![CDATA[A foundational in vivo platform for predicting human health outcomes]]></dc:title>
<dc:publisher>Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory</dc:publisher>
<prism:publicationDate>2026-08-09</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section></prism:section>
</item>
<item rdf:about="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.08.05.743121v1?rss=1">
<title>
<![CDATA[
Vorapaxar and aripiprazole suppress hepatitis B virus replication through distinct host signaling pathways 
]]>
</title>
<link>
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.08.05.743121v1?rss=1
</link>
<description><![CDATA[
Background & AimsCurrent nucleos(t)ide analogs efficiently suppress hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication but have limited effects on viral transcription from covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) and integrated HBV DNA. We aimed to identify clinically applicable compounds that directly inhibit HBV transcription by screening FDA-approved drugs.

Approach & ResultsScreening of 1,470 FDA-approved compounds using an HBV enhancer I/X promoter reporter system identified vorapaxar and aripiprazole as potent inhibitors of viral promoter activity. Both compounds suppressed HBV replication in HBV-producing cells, HBV-infected HepG2-hNTCP cells, and primary human hepatocytes. Aripiprazole reduced hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 (HNF4) protein levels through an ERK/JNK-dependent pathway and inhibited HBV core promoter activity, whereas vorapaxar acted independently of HNF4. Both compounds suppressed enhancer I/X promoter activity through inhibition of STAT3 signaling. Vorapaxar inhibited PAR-1-mediated SRC, EGFR, and STAT3 activation, while aripiprazole suppressed SRC-STAT3 signaling independently of EGFR. PAR-1 activation enhanced HBV transcription, whereas PAR-1 knockdown reduced promoter activity and viral RNA expression. Both compounds also reduced HBV replication in human liver chimeric mice at clinically relevant exposure levels without apparent severe toxicity.

ConclusionsVorapaxar and aripiprazole suppress HBV transcription and replication through distinct host signaling pathways. These findings identify PAR-1-STAT3 signaling as a previously unrecognized regulator of HBV transcription and suggest that host-targeting approaches may complement current therapies by suppressing viral gene expression from both cccDNA and integrated HBV DNA.

Impact and implicationsCurrent nucleos(t)ide analogues effectively suppress HBV reverse transcription but have limited effects on viral transcription from cccDNA and integrated HBV DNA, highlighting the need for therapies targeting viral gene expression. We identify PAR-1- STAT3 signaling as a previously unrecognized regulator of HBV transcription and demonstrate that two clinically approved drugs, vorapaxar and aripiprazole, suppress HBV replication through distinct host signaling pathways. These findings are relevant to researchers developing host-targeting antivirals and to clinicians seeking complementary therapeutic strategies beyond current nucleos(t)ide analogue therapy. Although further clinical validation and combination studies are required, our results provide a rationale for repurposing approved drugs and for developing transcription-targeting therapies that may complement existing treatments for chronic hepatitis B.

HighlightsO_LIVorapaxar and aripiprazole suppress HBV through distinct host pathways.
C_LIO_LIBoth drugs inhibit HBV replication in vitro and in humanized liver mice.
C_LIO_LIPAR-1 inhibition reduces HBV transcription by blocking SRC/EGFR/STAT3 signaling.
C_LIO_LIPAR-1-STAT3 signaling is a novel regulator of HBV transcription.
C_LIO_LIHost-targeting antiviral therapy complements current HBV treatment.
C_LI
]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[ Yamashita, A., Kasai, H., Aoyagi, H., Wakae, K., Kobayashi, K., Miyajima, A., Higuchi, Y., Suemizu, H., Fukushima, R., Isogawa, M., Wakita, T., Aizaki, H., Moriishi, K. ]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2026-08-09</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.64898/2026.08.05.743121</dc:identifier>
<dc:title><![CDATA[Vorapaxar and aripiprazole suppress hepatitis B virus replication through distinct host signaling pathways]]></dc:title>
<dc:publisher>Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory</dc:publisher>
<prism:publicationDate>2026-08-09</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section></prism:section>
</item>
<item rdf:about="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.08.03.741989v1?rss=1">
<title>
<![CDATA[
Adaptive experiments in high-dimensional feature spaces: A particle filtering approach 
]]>
</title>
<link>
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.08.03.741989v1?rss=1
</link>
<description><![CDATA[
Behavioral experiments are often infeasible when stimulus spaces have many dimensions or when testing time is limited. One way to address this challenge is adaptive stimulus selection, where informative stimuli are chosen dynamically based on participants responses. However, in high-dimensional spaces, identifying such stimuli is computationally demanding. Here, we describe High-dimensional Online Particle Estimation (HOPE), which selects informative stimuli in less than a second for up to 50 dimensions, enabling efficient estimation of high-dimensional psychometric functions. We validate HOPE through simulations and a face-categorization experiment in an 18-dimensional parameter space with human participants. Compared to uniform stimulus presentation, HOPE reduces uncertainty over model parameters two-to three-times faster, reaching the same certainty in half the trials or fewer. This efficiency enables psychophysical studies that were previously impractical due to the exponential scaling of trial requirements.
]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[ Turon, R., Reining, L. C., Hummel, P. A., Schmittwilken, L., Lind, C., Yu, A. J., Rothkopf, C. A., Jaekel, F., Wallis, T. S. A. ]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2026-08-07</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.64898/2026.08.03.741989</dc:identifier>
<dc:title><![CDATA[Adaptive experiments in high-dimensional feature spaces: A particle filtering approach]]></dc:title>
<dc:publisher>Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory</dc:publisher>
<prism:publicationDate>2026-08-07</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section></prism:section>
</item>
<item rdf:about="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.08.03.742501v1?rss=1">
<title>
<![CDATA[
The Privileged Link Between Number and Space: Day-old Chicks (Gallus gallus) Show Spatial-Numerical but Not Spatial-Quantity Associations 
]]>
</title>
<link>
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.08.03.742501v1?rss=1
</link>
<description><![CDATA[
Spatial-numerical association reflects an internal "mental number line" where numerosities are mapped from left to right in space. While evidence from 8- to 9-month-old human infants suggests a privileged link between number and space, these findings do not definitively establish whether discrete numerosity or continuous quantity is the primary driver of spatialization due to the relatively extensive postnatal experience. Using domestic chicks (Gallus gallus), a model testable with minimal postnatal experience, we investigated precocial predispositions to map both discrete numerosities and continuous quantity (physical size) onto space. In Experiment 1, we replicated spatial-numerical association: chicks associated relatively smaller numerosities with the left hemispace and larger ones with the right hemispace. In Experiment 2, however, spatial-quantity association for physical size was asymmetric: chicks showed a rightward preference for smaller sizes and no congruent small-left/large-right mapping. Together with infant data, these findings indicate that a generalized and congruent spatial-magnitude association does not emerge at the earliest stages of development, and challenge accounts positing that spatial mappings for continuous magnitudes precede and underpin the spatial organization of number.
]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[ Felisatti, A., Regolin, L., Rugani, R. ]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2026-08-07</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.64898/2026.08.03.742501</dc:identifier>
<dc:title><![CDATA[The Privileged Link Between Number and Space: Day-old Chicks (Gallus gallus) Show Spatial-Numerical but Not Spatial-Quantity Associations]]></dc:title>
<dc:publisher>Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory</dc:publisher>
<prism:publicationDate>2026-08-07</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section></prism:section>
</item>
<item rdf:about="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.08.02.742378v1?rss=1">
<title>
<![CDATA[
ClinOracle: Hierarchical AI Prediction of Target Binding and Patient-Derived Functional Activity Across Diverse Therapeutic Targets 
]]>
</title>
<link>
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.08.02.742378v1?rss=1
</link>
<description><![CDATA[
AI platforms for drug discovery routinely achieve high hit rates against biochemical targets, yet the central translational challenge remains predicting whether a compound will be functionally active in patient-derived human cells. Here, we present ClinOracle, a hierarchical graph neural network that jointly predicts target binding and patient-derived functional activity by modeling functional activity as conditional on target engagement. Applied across five therapeutic targets spanning oncology, autoimmune, and neuroinflammatory diseases, ClinOracle ranked candidates using a Priority Score integrating translational probability with a developability score based on ADME and drug-likeness, advancing prioritized compounds through multistage prospective validation from biophysical binding to in vivo efficacy. Compounds with the highest Priority Scores consistently outperformed lower-ranked candidates across prospective experimental validation, demonstrating that hierarchical AI can prioritize compounds with patient-derived functional activity directly from molecular structure, rather than biochemical activity alone.
]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[ Abdel-Rahman, S., Gabr, M. ]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2026-08-07</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.64898/2026.08.02.742378</dc:identifier>
<dc:title><![CDATA[ClinOracle: Hierarchical AI Prediction of Target Binding and Patient-Derived Functional Activity Across Diverse Therapeutic Targets]]></dc:title>
<dc:publisher>Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory</dc:publisher>
<prism:publicationDate>2026-08-07</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section></prism:section>
</item>
<item rdf:about="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.08.03.742490v1?rss=1">
<title>
<![CDATA[
Cryo-EM structural analysis of human TOP1 trapping by eight clinical anticancer drugs 
]]>
</title>
<link>
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.08.03.742490v1?rss=1
</link>
<description><![CDATA[
Human topoisomerase 1 (TOP1) resolves DNA supercoiling during replication and transcription and is a major target for anticancer therapy. TOP1 poisons exert cytotoxicity by stabilizing the TOP1-DNA cleavage complex (TOP1cc), thereby blocking DNA rejoining and generating lethal DNA damage. Several TOP1 poisons have been approved either as conventional therapeutics or as payloads in targeted delivery systems, and many additional candidates are under clinical development. Here, we resent cryo-EM structures of human TOP1cc bound to eight representative and clinically relevant TOP1 poisons: camptothecin (CPT), six CPT derivatives, and an indenoisoquinoline LMP-400. These cryo-EM structures reveal a TOP1cc conformation that differs substantially from canonical crystal structures. These structures also define how specific modifications on the CPT central scaffold and changing to an alternative non-CPT scaffold reshape drug intercalation geometry, molecular interaction networks, and TOP1cc protein architecture. Together with biochemical trapping data, these structural insights establish a foundation for designing next-generation TOP1 poisons with improved pharmacological properties and for their optimization as antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) payloads.
]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[ Yang, X., Pommier, Y. ]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2026-08-07</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.64898/2026.08.03.742490</dc:identifier>
<dc:title><![CDATA[Cryo-EM structural analysis of human TOP1 trapping by eight clinical anticancer drugs]]></dc:title>
<dc:publisher>Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory</dc:publisher>
<prism:publicationDate>2026-08-07</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section></prism:section>
</item>
<item rdf:about="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.08.06.743314v1?rss=1">
<title>
<![CDATA[
Socially transmitted knowledge of hibernation sites in bats 
]]>
</title>
<link>
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.08.06.743314v1?rss=1
</link>
<description><![CDATA[
In temperate regions around the world, bats travel long distances every winter to gather at hibernation sites. A longstanding hypothesis is that each new generation of bats learns about the locations of these sites (called  hibernacula) from older individuals, yet clear and compelling evidence demonstrating social transmission of this knowledge has been lacking. Here, we compiled 30,882 observations from 1985 to 2023 of 13,852 Greater mouse-eared bats (Myotis myotis) that were banded and observed at summer roosts, winter hibernacula, or both. Our analyses revealed four lines of evidence that Greater mouse-eared bats find suitable hibernacula using social information acquired at summer roosts. First, naive yearlings were more likely to be seen sharing their first hibernacula with adults from their summer birth colony relative to a null model where bats moved independently. Second, adult bats were also more likely to co-switch together into the same hibernacula across winters than expected from independent movements. Third, bats that roosted together in the summer were more likely to share a different site as a hibernaculum during the winter: being observed together during a summer changed the probability of a pair being observed together during a winter from 5% to 12%. Finally, high-resolution tracking revealed an instance of tandem flights to hibernacula sites during the summer, demonstrating that yearlings can learn from experienced adult bats months before hibernation. Together, our findings show that maternity colonies serve as "information centers" where females acquire knowledge of suitable hibernation sites throughout their long lives.
]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[ Ripperger, S. P., Carter, G. G., Ittermann, L., Harder, J., Kaltofen, B., Henning, R., Dedek, K., Voigt, P., Fernandez, A. A. ]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2026-08-07</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.64898/2026.08.06.743314</dc:identifier>
<dc:title><![CDATA[Socially transmitted knowledge of hibernation sites in bats]]></dc:title>
<dc:publisher>Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory</dc:publisher>
<prism:publicationDate>2026-08-07</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section></prism:section>
</item>
<item rdf:about="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.08.02.742297v1?rss=1">
<title>
<![CDATA[
Nosema ceranae infection disrupts nestmate recognition in honey bees 
]]>
</title>
<link>
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.08.02.742297v1?rss=1
</link>
<description><![CDATA[
Social immunity reduces pathogen transmission in eusocial insects by collectively detecting and excluding infected or foreign individuals. In honey bees (Apis mellifera), guard workers enforce colony boundaries through nestmate recognition. Here we show that infection with the microsporidian parasite Nosema ceranae weakens this defense. Across 600 behavioral assays, infected workers were 45% less likely to be rejected than uninfected controls. Infection was also associated with modest but significant shifts in cuticular hydrocarbon profiles, the primary cues underlying nestmate recognition. Multivariate analyses revealed modest but significant treatment-associated differences in CHC composition that were not attributable to dispersion effects. These findings demonstrate that infection can degrade the reliability of recognition cues and thereby compromise a core behavioral component of social immunity.
]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[ Huang, Z. Y. ]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2026-08-06</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.64898/2026.08.02.742297</dc:identifier>
<dc:title><![CDATA[Nosema ceranae infection disrupts nestmate recognition in honey bees]]></dc:title>
<dc:publisher>Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory</dc:publisher>
<prism:publicationDate>2026-08-06</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section></prism:section>
</item>
<item rdf:about="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.07.31.740852v1?rss=1">
<title>
<![CDATA[
Repeated within-session rule switching in the marmoset: a paradigm for tracking the dynamics of cognitive flexibility 
]]>
</title>
<link>
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.07.31.740852v1?rss=1
</link>
<description><![CDATA[
Adapting behaviour when reward contingencies change is a core function of cognitive control, but the underlying trial-by-trial computations are hard to observe when tasks cue each rule or allow only one switch per session. We developed the Feature-Rule Switching Task (FRST), in which common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) repeatedly switch, without cues and under a fixed stimulus set, among the visual features that earn reward, inferring each switch from feedback alone. All four animals acquired the task within two days and sustained several switches per session across months of testing. A reinforcement-learning model with a learned weighting of stimulus dimensions best explained choices in every animal, outperforming complexity-matched perseveration controls. Learning-rate estimates fell within the human range, and in almost every session the animals weighted a stimulus dimension rather than individual features alone, with a dimensional commitment comparable in strength to that of humans. FRST thus provides a primate paradigm, amenable to laminar recording, for tracking the dynamics of cognitive flexibility.
]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[ Alvi, M. H., Nathaniel, R. P., Rai, K., Ma, L. ]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2026-08-06</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.64898/2026.07.31.740852</dc:identifier>
<dc:title><![CDATA[Repeated within-session rule switching in the marmoset: a paradigm for tracking the dynamics of cognitive flexibility]]></dc:title>
<dc:publisher>Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory</dc:publisher>
<prism:publicationDate>2026-08-06</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section></prism:section>
</item>
<item rdf:about="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.08.01.742195v1?rss=1">
<title>
<![CDATA[
Hive position matters: spatial layout and hive colour impact forager traffic and drifting in Melipona quadrifasciata bees 
]]>
</title>
<link>
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.08.01.742195v1?rss=1
</link>
<description><![CDATA[
Stingless bees are key pollinators of native and cultivated plants, and their management mostly for honey and hive commercialisation has become an increasingly popular practice in Brazil. Hives are commonly kept close together and visually similar in meliponaries, a practice that favours drifting, i.e., the return of foragers to a foreign nest. Distance between hives and layout have been identified as drivers of drifting in the Western honeybee, but evidence for stingless bees, the largest group of social bees, remains scarce. Additionally, stingless beekeepers frequently associate drifting with weakened colonies, uneven honey production, worker fighting, and colony population imbalances. We investigated the effects of hive layout on foraging traffic and drifting in the stingless bee Melipona quadrifasciata. We compared forager traffic across six layouts varying in distance, colour and entrance orientation. Then, using RFID tags, we tracked drifting across three layouts with the same inter-hive distance but different designs: visually similar hives, hives with opposite entrance orientation, and hives painted with distinct colours. Forager traffic was lowest in the visually similar layout during the first two weeks of monitoring, which is consistent with greater disorientation in the absence of clear visual cues. Hive position was a key driver of drifting behaviour across all layouts, with bees from edge hives drifting considerably less than those from inner hives. Drifting decreased considerably in hives with different colours (37.6%) and hives with entrances in opposite directions (48.1%), compared to similarly looking hives with entrances in the same direction (59.5%). Therefore, our findings highlight practical low-effort strategies for stingless beekeepers to reduce forager loss, pathogen spread, and productivity losses.
]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[ Cipriano, A. P., Menezes, C., Munro, M., Bell, E., Gruter, C. ]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2026-08-06</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.64898/2026.08.01.742195</dc:identifier>
<dc:title><![CDATA[Hive position matters: spatial layout and hive colour impact forager traffic and drifting in Melipona quadrifasciata bees]]></dc:title>
<dc:publisher>Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory</dc:publisher>
<prism:publicationDate>2026-08-06</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section></prism:section>
</item>
<item rdf:about="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.08.01.742216v1?rss=1">
<title>
<![CDATA[
Multidimensional characterization of the physiological and behavioral effects of TCB-2 in mice 
]]>
</title>
<link>
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.08.01.742216v1?rss=1
</link>
<description><![CDATA[
Background and PurposeSerotonergic psychedelics affect behavior and physiology, but the relationships among these effects remain poorly understood. In rodents, the head-twitch response is used as a measure of psychedelic-like activity, yet it does not capture changes in physiological state or the performance of learned behaviors. Here, we investigated the acute effects of the 5-HT2A receptor agonist TCB-2 across several behavioral and physiological measures and examined how these effects were modified by pretreatment with the 5-HT2A receptor antagonist volinanserin.

Experimental ApproachMice were tested in head-fixed and freely moving conditions. During a learned auditory trace-conditioning task, we measured licking, pupil area, eye position, and blinking. We measured locomotor activity in an open field and quantified head-twitch responses using a DeepLabCut-based method. To examine the contribution of 5-HT2A receptors, mice were pretreated with the 5-HT2A receptor antagonist volinanserin.

Key ResultsTCB-2 caused pupil constriction without detectable changes in eye position or blinking when administered alone. TCB-2 also reduced licking at the highest dose, but the cue-locked temporal pattern of licking remained evident. In freely moving mice, TCB-2 reduced locomotor activity and produced a dose-dependent increase in head-twitch responses. Volinanserin partially attenuated TCB-2-induced pupil constriction and reduced head-twitch responses under some conditions, but it did not consistently prevent the other effects of TCB-2.

Conclusions and ImplicationsTCB-2 produced distinct effects across physiological and behavioral measures rather than a uniform disruption of behavioral function. Pronounced pupil constriction and head-twitch responses occurred without detectable changes in eye position or blinking, while the temporal organization of conditioned licking was retained despite a reduction in its magnitude. The incomplete and variable effects of volinanserin preclude definitive conclusions about the receptor mechanisms underlying each response. Combining automated head-twitch detection with physiological and task-related measurements provides a broader framework for comparing the pharmacological profiles of serotonergic compounds.

What is already knownO_LIClassical psychedelics produce characteristic effects primarily through serotonin 5-HT2A receptor activation.
C_LIO_LIHead-twitch responses capture only one dimension of psychedelic-like drug action.
C_LI

What this study addsO_LITCB-2 reduced locomotion and licking while preserving the cue-locked pattern of conditioned licking.
C_LIO_LIPupil constriction occurred without detectable changes in eye position or blinking.
C_LI

Clinical significanceO_LIMultidimensional phenotyping can distinguish the physiological and behavioral profiles of serotonergic compounds.
C_LIO_LIComplementary measures may improve preclinical evaluation of emerging serotonergic therapeutics.
C_LI
]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[ Yamamoto, M., Inoue, H., Hayashi, K., Aota, I., Matsumoto, J., Yamada, K., Toda, K. ]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2026-08-06</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.64898/2026.08.01.742216</dc:identifier>
<dc:title><![CDATA[Multidimensional characterization of the physiological and behavioral effects of TCB-2 in mice]]></dc:title>
<dc:publisher>Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory</dc:publisher>
<prism:publicationDate>2026-08-06</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section></prism:section>
</item>
<item rdf:about="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.07.31.742167v1?rss=1">
<title>
<![CDATA[
QTrap-Enabled GERD Safety Analysis of Commercial Salsas 
]]>
</title>
<link>
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.07.31.742167v1?rss=1
</link>
<description><![CDATA[
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a prevalent chronic disorder where dietary modifications, particularly reducing spicy foods, are a primary management strategy. Salsa, a widely consumed condiment whose spiciness comes from capsaicin, lacks standardized heat labelling, potentially leading to inconsistent capsaicin exposure for consumers. To address this, our study aimed to develop and apply an LC-MS workflow for accurate capsaicin quantification in commercially available salsas. This approach seeks to provide objective "reflux-conscious" spice classification, supporting evidence-based dietary recommendations for individuals with GERD. In the eight commercial brands we examined, we found that products labelled "mild" had significantly lower capsaicin levels as compared to "medium" or "hot", but that there was an almost 15-fold range of capsaicin within this group. Surprisingly, there was no statistical difference in capsaicin content between those groups labelled "medium" or "hot" facilitating unambiguous assignment to either category, revealing that product labelling alone is insufficient to guide consumers seeking to control capsaicin exposure in their food. The results in this study enable improved brand-specific recommendations for GERD symptom management.
]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[ Gross, A., Singleton, C., Gross, S. ]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2026-08-06</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.64898/2026.07.31.742167</dc:identifier>
<dc:title><![CDATA[QTrap-Enabled GERD Safety Analysis of Commercial Salsas]]></dc:title>
<dc:publisher>Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory</dc:publisher>
<prism:publicationDate>2026-08-06</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section></prism:section>
</item>
<item rdf:about="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.07.31.742069v1?rss=1">
<title>
<![CDATA[
Anatomical mapping and regulation of dopaminergic and octopaminergic neurons during temporal polyethism in the red harvester ant 
]]>
</title>
<link>
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.07.31.742069v1?rss=1
</link>
<description><![CDATA[
Many social insects, such as ants, change their behavior stereotypically from nursing to foraging as they age, a concept known as temporal polyethism. Biogenic amines are associated with these specific behaviors, but much about them remains poorly understood in these animals. Many aminergic systems lack anatomical characterization, and little is known about the expression of genes required for the aforementioned behavioral phenotypes. Here, we studied Pogonomyrmex barbatus brains and identified the neurons that produce two relevant amines, dopamine and octopamine, by detecting their synthesis enzymes, tyrosine hydroxylase and tyramine beta-hydroxylase, and their transcripts. We also compared the expression of both genes in young nurses and mature foragers by measuring the fluorescence intensity. Dopaminergic and octopaminergic neurons are predominantly located in the protocerebrum and in the subesophageal zone. Neurons that produce dopamine are also present in the optic lobes, whereas octopamine-producing ones show clusters in the antennal lobes. Both genes are downregulated as the organism ages. A reduction in the expression of these genes might be correlated with the mature workers increased propensity to perform extranidal tasks, such as foraging.
]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[ Zavaleta-Zamora, C., Fetter-Pruneda, I. ]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2026-08-06</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.64898/2026.07.31.742069</dc:identifier>
<dc:title><![CDATA[Anatomical mapping and regulation of dopaminergic and octopaminergic neurons during temporal polyethism in the red harvester ant]]></dc:title>
<dc:publisher>Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory</dc:publisher>
<prism:publicationDate>2026-08-06</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section></prism:section>
</item>
<item rdf:about="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.07.31.742110v1?rss=1">
<title>
<![CDATA[
Behavioural type drives discovery and exploitation of anthropogenic resources 
]]>
</title>
<link>
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.07.31.742110v1?rss=1
</link>
<description><![CDATA[
Human-influenced environments pose challenges but also provide wildlife with anthropogenic resources. Individuals vary widely in their ability to exploit such resources, often as a function of behavioural type. However, we lack a clear understanding of how variation in behavioural traits influences stages of resource exploitation required to use anthropogenic resources. Using fully automated foraging puzzles, we examined how boldness and sociability influenced three aspects of resource exploitation - discovery, problem-solving, and overall performance - in two wild populations of California ground squirrels (Otospermophilus beecheyi). Bolder individuals discovered the resource earlier, solved the task faster and achieved higher performance, indicating that boldness promotes efficient exploitation of anthropogenic resources across multiple stages in the process. Greater sociability and more opportunities to observe conspecifics solving the task led to faster problem-solving, consistent with evidence for observational learning. Squirrels in the recreational-use population - with regular exposure to humans and anthropogenic food - were faster to discover the resource than those in a trail-use population - where human exposure was transient and no anthropogenic food available. Problem-solving latency and performance were consistent between populations. Our findings highlight how individual variation in behavioural traits drives performance in novel ecological contexts, providing a mechanistic understanding of behavioural plasticity in human-influenced environments.
]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[ Wild, S., Uyehara, I. K., Todd, L. M., Ravara, T. A., Sih, A., Smith, J. E. ]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2026-08-06</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.64898/2026.07.31.742110</dc:identifier>
<dc:title><![CDATA[Behavioural type drives discovery and exploitation of anthropogenic resources]]></dc:title>
<dc:publisher>Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory</dc:publisher>
<prism:publicationDate>2026-08-06</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section></prism:section>
</item>
<item rdf:about="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.07.30.741807v1?rss=1">
<title>
<![CDATA[
Schema-Grounded Multitask Instruction Fine-tuning for Joint Biomedical Named Entity Recognition and Relation Extraction in Pharmacovigilance 
]]>
</title>
<link>
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.07.30.741807v1?rss=1
</link>
<description><![CDATA[
MotivationPharmacovigilance relies on accurate extraction of structured biomedical entities and their semantic relationships from scientific literature. However, most biomedical information extraction systems address named entity recognition (NER) and relation extraction as separate tasks trained on corpus-specific architectures, limiting scalability and cross-task knowledge sharing. Recent developments in instruction-tuned Large Language Models (LLMs) offer a promising alternative through unified generative extraction, but robust schema-grounded multitask adaptation for biomedical extraction is still understudied.

MethodsThis study proposes a unified multitask instruction-tuned LLM framework that jointly performs biomedical NER and relation extraction across three benchmark corpora to identify chemical, disease, drug entities, as well as chemical-disease relations, drug-adverse event relations, and drug-drug interactions. Two general LLMs, Llama-3.2-3B-Instruct and Qwen3-8B, were fine-tuned using Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) under a shared generation interface that extracts both entity pairs and their underlying relation. Zero-shot and fine-tuned configurations were evaluated across all the tasks on their respective held-out test sets.

ResultsParameter-efficient fine-tuning substantially improved both entity and relation extraction performance across all tasks and model families. Fine-tuned Qwen3-8B achieved the strongest overall performance with 89.42% micro-averaged entity F1 and 62.32% micro-averaged relation F1. Fine-tuned Llama-3.2-3B achieved 87.63% entity F1 and 58.42% relation F1 despite its substantially smaller parameter count, outperforming the zero-shot 8B model on both tasks. Fine-tuning also reduced structured JSON parse failures from 23.5% to 0.11%, demonstrating stable schema internalization during supervised adaptation.

ConclusionSchema-grounded multitask instruction tuning with LoRA provides a robust and computationally feasible framework for unified biomedical information extraction across heterogeneous benchmark corpora. The findings further demonstrate that schema-grounded adaptation is substantially more important than model scale alone for reliable extraction of structured biomedical relations. The gap between NER and relation extraction performance motivates future research on explicit negative-relation supervision and ontology-guided relation extraction.
]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[ Rehana, H., Hur, J. ]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2026-08-06</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.64898/2026.07.30.741807</dc:identifier>
<dc:title><![CDATA[Schema-Grounded Multitask Instruction Fine-tuning for Joint Biomedical Named Entity Recognition and Relation Extraction in Pharmacovigilance]]></dc:title>
<dc:publisher>Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory</dc:publisher>
<prism:publicationDate>2026-08-06</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section></prism:section>
</item>
<item rdf:about="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.07.31.742044v1?rss=1">
<title>
<![CDATA[
Resource depletion accelerates rate learning but not composition learning in patch foraging 
]]>
</title>
<link>
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.07.31.742044v1?rss=1
</link>
<description><![CDATA[
Foraging is a universal animal behavior that has increasingly attracted the interest of both experimentalists and theorists. Most prior models assume an animal knows the distribution of resources in its environment, but this structure must be learned as the animal explores its environment. Foraging can thus be regarded as a hierarchical inference problem. We develop a normative Bayesian account of an agent learning a patchy environment while exploiting it, and show that resource depletion shapes the levels of that hierarchy differently. Within a patch, depletion accelerates rate learning, since successive encounters occur at falling rates whose spacing pins down the initial rate. Across patches, composition learning, inferring the fraction of patches that are high yield, is slow, set by the number of patches sampled rather than the time spent in each, and unaffected by depletion once the rates are known. Reward-maximizing and information-seeking strategies therefore diverge, a forager resolving the composition underharvesting rich patches because learning it requires departures, most sharply early in exposure. When a fixed set of patches replenishes between visits, the reward-maximizing policy collapses onto a stable orbit over the high-yield patches, and the replenishment rate sets whether the forager maps the whole environment or locks onto a rich subset. Which departure rule maximizes intake is itself set by how variable the patches are, switching from counting prey to timing the gaps between them once richness varies by more than about a quarter. Learning the environment thus buys significant intake over learning a rule from reward alone, as long as its assumptions about depletion leave room for the truth.

Author summaryAnimals entering an unfamiliar landscape must both gather food and learn what kind of environment they face. We study this using a mathematical model of an animal moving among food patches and deciding when to keep feeding or leave. Feeding depletes a patch, usually viewed only as a cost. We show it is also informative. As food is removed items arrive more slowly, and that pattern reveals how rich the patch was to begin with, so an animal learns patch quality faster where supply runs down than where it does not. The benefit does not extend to every feature. Learning what fraction of patches are rich depends on how many patches are visited rather than how long the animal stays in each, so depletion neither helps nor harms it, and an animal seeking that information should leave even rich patches early to sample more locations. Finally, the best rule for when to leave depends on how much patches differ. Where patches are alike an animal should count what it has eaten, and where they differ it should time the gap since its last find, because a long gap then signals a poor patch rather than an emptied one.
]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[ Kilpatrick, Z. P., El Hady, A. ]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2026-08-05</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.64898/2026.07.31.742044</dc:identifier>
<dc:title><![CDATA[Resource depletion accelerates rate learning but not composition learning in patch foraging]]></dc:title>
<dc:publisher>Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory</dc:publisher>
<prism:publicationDate>2026-08-05</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section></prism:section>
</item>
<item rdf:about="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.07.31.740523v1?rss=1">
<title>
<![CDATA[
A sequence variation between two orthologues alters functional expression of the potassium channel Kesv of Ectocarpus siliculosus virus 
]]>
</title>
<link>
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.07.31.740523v1?rss=1
</link>
<description><![CDATA[
The potassium channel Kesv encoded by the Ectocarpus siliculosus virus (Kesv 1) differs by seven amino acid residues from its host-derived homolog (Kesv 2), resulting from lysogenic integration. When expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes, Kesv 1 displayed significantly higher ion conductance and functional expression than Kesv 2, as demonstrated by GFP fluorescence and voltage clamp measurements. This study provides the first structural and functional analysis of Kesv 2, uncovering key differences between the original and host-derived variant. The systematic residue substitutions - based on location- from Kesv 2 to the corresponding residues in Kesv 1 illustrated that two amino acid exchanges in close proximity to the pore region (Q61H and T66A), albeit not individually but in combination, significantly resulted in a loss-of-function phenotype in Kesv 1. AlphaFold predictions and subsequent molecular dynamics simulations did not reveal significant differences between Kesv 1 and Kesv 2 structural models, suggesting that the loss of function cannot be attributed to differences at the structural level. Instead, a reduced surface expression of Kesv 2, caused by the sequence modulations in the brown algal host, appears more plausible. Notably, the pharmacological profiling with Linopirdine and Sotalol highlights differences in drug sensitivity, establishing these minimalist channels (core channel structure without regulatory domains) as tractable models for dissecting novel fundamental principles of ion channel function and drug interaction, while highlighting key differences from more complex channel systems.

Significance StatementPotassium channels are essential for cellular excitability, yet their large size and structural complexity limit our understanding of the core features underlying channel function. Here, we identified and established an orthologous model to compare the effects of evolutionarily acquired mutations in two voltage-sensing potassium channels-the viral potassium channel from Ectocarpus siliculosus virus (Kesv 1) and its host-homolog derivative (Kesv 2) as simplified model systems for understanding ion channel physiology and host-viral interactions. We provide the first functional characterization of Kesv 2 in Xenopus laevis oocytes using two-electrode voltage-clamp and site-directed mutagenesis, revealing that, despite sharing an identical SVGYG selectivity-filter motif and differing by only 7 residues, they exhibit distinct ion-conduction properties.
]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[ Asrani, P., Elgendy, A., Zeipelt, A. P., Goerges, G., Schreiber, J., Brown, R., Todt, D., Tapken, D., Schaefer, L. V., Seebohm, G., Stoll, R. ]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2026-08-05</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.64898/2026.07.31.740523</dc:identifier>
<dc:title><![CDATA[A sequence variation between two orthologues alters functional expression of the potassium channel Kesv of Ectocarpus siliculosus virus]]></dc:title>
<dc:publisher>Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory</dc:publisher>
<prism:publicationDate>2026-08-05</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section></prism:section>
</item>
<item rdf:about="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.07.31.740339v1?rss=1">
<title>
<![CDATA[
Akkermansia muciniphila prevents cadmium-induced cognitive impairment through gut microbiome mediated mechanisms 
]]>
</title>
<link>
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.07.31.740339v1?rss=1
</link>
<description><![CDATA[
Akkermansia muciniphila has emerged as a promising next-generation probiotic with beneficial effects on learning and memory, but whether and how it can protect against environmental toxicant-induced cognitive impairment remains unknown. Cadmium (Cd) is a widespread environmental neurotoxicant that disrupts the gut-brain axis and impairs hippocampus-dependent learning and memory, yet effective preventive interventions are lacking. In this study, we discovered that oral supplementation with human fecal microbiome-derived A. muciniphila prevented Cd-induced cognitive impairment in mice throughout 9 weeks of oral Cd exposure at a human body burden-relevant concentration. Notably, brain Cd concentrations were not affected by A. muciniphila supplementation, indicating that cognitive protection was mediated through gut-brain signaling rather than affecting metal accumulation in the brain. Multi-omics characterization identified coordinated gut-brain pathways underlying this protective effect. A. muciniphila preserved Cd-suppressed Lactobacillus taxa (L. crispatus, L. intestinalis, L. taiwanensis), which positively correlated with cognitive performance, and restored intestinal tight-junction integrity across multiple intestinal sections, particularly the ileum. A. muciniphila also normalized Cd-induced cytokine dysregulation in the serum. In addition, colonic branched-chain fatty acids (BCFAs) emerged as candidate gut-brain mediators, with 2-methylpentanoic acid showing a robust negative correlation with cognitive performance. These A. muciniphila-mediated changes across gut microbiome, intestinal barrier, systemic cytokines, and microbial metabolites coincided with reversal of Cd-induced hippocampal transcriptional alterations regulating synaptic and vascular signaling. Together, this study identified A. muciniphila as a preventive microbiome-based strategy against environmental Cd neurotoxicity in mice, demonstrated that the gut microbial homeostasis can confer cognitive resilience independently of brain toxicant burden, and revealed distinct BCFAs as potential gut-brain mediators of heavy-metal-induced cognitive decline.
]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[ Wang, H., Lim, J. J., Chi, J., Gu, H., Cui, J. Y. ]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2026-08-05</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.64898/2026.07.31.740339</dc:identifier>
<dc:title><![CDATA[Akkermansia muciniphila prevents cadmium-induced cognitive impairment through gut microbiome mediated mechanisms]]></dc:title>
<dc:publisher>Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory</dc:publisher>
<prism:publicationDate>2026-08-05</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section></prism:section>
</item>
<item rdf:about="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.08.04.741794v1?rss=1">
<title>
<![CDATA[
Variation in CURE instruction and limitations of CURE studies undermine what can be concluded about CURE effects on student outcomes 
]]>
</title>
<link>
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.08.04.741794v1?rss=1
</link>
<description><![CDATA[
Research suggests that students realize a range of cognitive, affective, and motivation-related outcomes by participating in course-based undergraduate research experiences (CUREs). However, the overall effects of CUREs on student outcomes are unclear. We sought to address this knowledge gap by embarking on a meta-analysis of CURE studies using the Population, Intervention, Comparison/Control group, and Outcomes framework. We conducted a literature search to produce an analytic sample of 353 studies of the effects of CUREs instruction on undergraduates. We characterized the CUREs being studied in this sample, including their dose, duration, and design. We also examined each study to determine if outcomes were measured before and after the CURE and with a comparison or control group so that effects could be attributed to CURE. We found substantial limitations in studies of CUREs, which precluded meta-analysis. CUREs varied widely and were unevenly described, making it difficult to determine what could or should constitute CURE instruction as an intervention. Many outcomes were studied, often without a comparison or control group and with inconsistent measurement and reporting. Our results indicate that advancements are needed in the design and reporting of research on CUREs to gauge their effects on student outcomes.

Highlight SummaryMany studies of CURE instruction aim to show effects on student outcomes. Yet, systematic review of these studies reveals limitations in study design, methods, and reporting that preclude meta-analysis and limit any cross-study conclusions.
]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[ Lantz, W. N., Dolan, E. L., Barvalia, S., Apraku, S., Kandru, H., Senthamizh Selvan, M., Majewska, A. A. ]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2026-08-05</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.64898/2026.08.04.741794</dc:identifier>
<dc:title><![CDATA[Variation in CURE instruction and limitations of CURE studies undermine what can be concluded about CURE effects on student outcomes]]></dc:title>
<dc:publisher>Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory</dc:publisher>
<prism:publicationDate>2026-08-05</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section></prism:section>
</item>
<item rdf:about="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.07.30.741906v1?rss=1">
<title>
<![CDATA[
Non-instrumental information has limited effects on bet size in risky decisions 
]]>
</title>
<link>
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.07.30.741906v1?rss=1
</link>
<description><![CDATA[
Recent research has suggested that the availability of non-instrumental information about the outcome of a risky choice increases risk appetite. In this study, we aimed to perform a conceptual replication of these findings and to examine the cognitive mechanisms underlying this effect. Across two experiments (N = 150, 102), we presented participants with mathematically fair gambles and allowed them to choose the size of their bet. Between trials, we varied the presence of non-instrumental information that would reveal the outcome ahead of time. In both experiments, we did not find consistent evidence for an effect of the availability of non-instrumental information on bet size. These findings suggest that the previously reported effects of non-instrumental information on risk appetite may have been an idiosyncratic feature of experimental design, rather than a more general phenomenon that characterises human decision making under risk.
]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[ Jiwa, M., Myles, D., Bennett, D. ]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2026-08-05</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.64898/2026.07.30.741906</dc:identifier>
<dc:title><![CDATA[Non-instrumental information has limited effects on bet size in risky decisions]]></dc:title>
<dc:publisher>Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory</dc:publisher>
<prism:publicationDate>2026-08-05</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section></prism:section>
</item>
<item rdf:about="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.07.31.742007v1?rss=1">
<title>
<![CDATA[
Dorsal Striatum Silencing Attenuates Light Self-administration in Mice and Its Relevance to Digital technology-based Disorders 
]]>
</title>
<link>
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.07.31.742007v1?rss=1
</link>
<description><![CDATA[
Background and aimsSubstance-use addiction models have demonstrated that a progressive transition from reward-guided to habitual and ultimately compulsive behaviour is mediated by a ventral-to-dorsal striatal shift in behavioural control. While symptomatic and neural similarities between substance and digital technology-based disorders have been hypothesised, the causal role of the striatum in the latter remains unknown. We here employ a validated mouse light self-administration paradigm with a loss-of-function approach to determine the role of the dorsal striatum in behavioural persistence towards non-food, non-drug reinforcers.

MethodsMice received a control virus or a virus expressing the inhibitory designer receptor (hM4Di) into the dorsal striatum (caudate-putamen). The chemogenetic actuator clozapine N-oxide (CNO) was injected systemically shortly before selected sessions, silencing striatal neuronal firing in vivo in hM4Di-expressing mice. During operant training, lever presses were reinforced by light under fixed-ratio schedules of reinforcement (FR1, FR3, and FR5).

ResultsOn initial training days, CNO reduced light self-administration in striatal hM4Di-expressing mice. CNO had a negligible effect in control mice under FR3 and FR5 but attenuated responding in hM4Di mice, which showed response recovery on days without CNO. Linear mixed-effects models confirmed an improvement in light self-administration across days, with a stronger detrimental effect of CNO in hM4Di mice.

DiscussionDorsal striatum silencing attenuates light self-administration without impairing response acquisition. Thus, like drug self-administration, light self-administration relies partly on dorsal striatal neurons. Our work bridges the gap between animal models and human neuroimaging studies reporting shared brain mechanisms underlying non-drug and drug habits.
]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[ Tam, S. K. E., Becker, B. ]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2026-08-05</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.64898/2026.07.31.742007</dc:identifier>
<dc:title><![CDATA[Dorsal Striatum Silencing Attenuates Light Self-administration in Mice and Its Relevance to Digital technology-based Disorders]]></dc:title>
<dc:publisher>Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory</dc:publisher>
<prism:publicationDate>2026-08-05</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section></prism:section>
</item>
<item rdf:about="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.07.30.741891v1?rss=1">
<title>
<![CDATA[
Tunneling Effect with Time-Dependent Effective Potential Barrier: A Semiclassical (WKB) Reinterpretation of Drug Release Kinetics in Polymeric Nanocapsules 
]]>
</title>
<link>
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.07.30.741891v1?rss=1
</link>
<description><![CDATA[
Recent models describe drug release from polymeric nanoparticles through an analogy with the quantum tunneling effect, treating the delivery system as a static rectangular potential barrier. In this work, we argue that this analogy is structurally identical to the standard solution of the Schrodinger equation for a rectangular barrier, and that the introduction of a multifractal formalism to describe time evolution -- obtained via a formal Wick rotation (x [-&gt;] t) -- lacks direct physical justification. We propose, instead, to treat the barrier height as an effective function of time, Ueff(t) = U0 f(t), with f(t) varying slowly within the barrier region, reflecting the progressive degradation/swelling of the polymeric matrix, under two hypotheses for f(t)-- exponential decay and rational decay (Hill-type). Rather than the thick-barrier WKB approximation, the exact transmission formula is used throughout, which is real-analytic in f(t) and continues smoothly into the resonance (over-barrier) regime once the barrier collapses, avoiding the artificial step-like transitions produced by the WKB approximation used in earlier drafts of this work. Both hypotheses for f(t) predict a finite barrier collapse time, t*, whose dependence on the energy ratio m = U0/E differs qualitatively between them (t* {propto}ln m vs. t* {propto}(m-1)1/n), offering a distinguishable criterion from experimental release data. The model was tested against ex-vivo chicken-skin permeation kinetics of 5-FU digitized from Rata et al. [1] (three systems: NCA-1-5-FU, G-NCA-1-5-FU, G-5-FU). The exact formula substantially improved fit quality relative to the WKB approximation for all three systems. Fits were obtained by global optimization (differential evolution, polished with scipy.optimize.curve_fit for covariance estimates) rather than a single local search, which proved necessary: for G-5-FU and NCA-1-5-FU, the exponential family is well-identified (all parameter uncertainties below 11% and 6% of the estimates, respectively; R2 > 0.999), while the rational (Hill) family remained poorly identified for all three systems despite the improved formula - favoring, by parsimony, the simpler exponential model throughout. Only G-NCA-1-5-FU remained non-identified with m free. A sensitivity check fixing m at the G-5-FU-derived value (m = 1.377) resolves this non-identifiability for G-NCA-1-5-FU at negligible cost in fit quality, consistent with a shared energy ratio for that system; the same constraint applied to NCA-1-5-FU, however, degrades its (already well-identified) fit by a factor of [~]4 in maximum residual; its own energy ratio (m = 1.188 {+/-} 0.007) differs from the shared value by [~]4{sigma}, a formally significant difference, so a single universal m is rejected for the complete set of systems studied. Reference values from the original multifractal study [2-4] and candidate extensions to further aptamer-functionalized nanocarrier systems [5-7] are also discussed. We discuss the implications of this treatment and its limits of validity, and point out paths for further empirical validation.
]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[ de Albuquerque, D. F., de Albuquerque, M. A. S. ]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2026-08-05</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.64898/2026.07.30.741891</dc:identifier>
<dc:title><![CDATA[Tunneling Effect with Time-Dependent Effective Potential Barrier: A Semiclassical (WKB) Reinterpretation of Drug Release Kinetics in Polymeric Nanocapsules]]></dc:title>
<dc:publisher>Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory</dc:publisher>
<prism:publicationDate>2026-08-05</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section></prism:section>
</item>
<item rdf:about="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.07.30.741944v1?rss=1">
<title>
<![CDATA[
Comparative analysis of transcriptomic liberality in 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-exposed mouse liver RNA-Seq datasets 
]]>
</title>
<link>
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.07.30.741944v1?rss=1
</link>
<description><![CDATA[
Omics methods have been envisioned to complement traditional toxicological testing for chemical risk assessment, in which identifying adverse effects is a critical step. However, the high dimensionality of transcriptomic data has historically led to reliance on context-dependent analysis. Liberality is a quantitative index that reduces genome-scale data dimensionality, with its changes reflecting underlying biological phenomena. In this study, we measured liberality in mouse liver RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) datasets from studies in which mice were exposed to the environmental contaminant 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) every 4 days for 28 or 92 days, comparing dose-liberality relationships. Both 28- and 92-day TCDD treatments increased liberality but exhibited different dose-liberality relationships. Analysis of genes contributing to liberality revealed that longer exposure duration induced more extensive alterations in transcriptomic architecture. These findings suggest that liberality may serve as an unbiased metric to assess the extent of treatment-induced transcriptome perturbation.
]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[ Ogata, Y., Kobayashi, K. ]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2026-08-05</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.64898/2026.07.30.741944</dc:identifier>
<dc:title><![CDATA[Comparative analysis of transcriptomic liberality in 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-exposed mouse liver RNA-Seq datasets]]></dc:title>
<dc:publisher>Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory</dc:publisher>
<prism:publicationDate>2026-08-05</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section></prism:section>
</item>
<item rdf:about="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.07.31.741993v1?rss=1">
<title>
<![CDATA[
Peripheral CB1R Blockade Suppresses AKI-to-CKD Maladaptive Repair 
]]>
</title>
<link>
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.07.31.741993v1?rss=1
</link>
<description><![CDATA[
BackgroundAcute kidney injury (AKI) frequently progresses to chronic kidney disease (CKD), yet mechanisms governing this transition remain poorly understood. The endocannabinoid system (ECS), particularly cannabinoid-1 receptor (CB1R), regulates inflammation and metabolism in various organs, but its role in post-AKI maladaptive repair is less established.

MethodsWe analyzed CB1R expression in kidney biopsies from pre- and post-transplant recipients and in murine AKI models (ischemia-reperfusion injury [IRI] and folic acid [FA]-induced AKI). Peripheral CB1R blockade was evaluated in FA-AKI model and in human primary kidney proximal tubule cells (hKPTCs). Spatial metabolomics, semi-targeted metabolomic profiling, and gene and protein expression characterized molecular mechanisms.

ResultsCB1R expression was increased in kidneys undergoing maladaptive repair in both humans and mice, but remained unchanged during acute injury. In the FA-induced AKI model, the ECS showed stage-specific alterations, with temporal and spatial fluctuations in endocannabinoid levels and their enzymatic regulators. Peripheral CB1R blockade during the repair phase preserved kidney function, reduced injury, and maintained systemic glucose homeostasis. Metabolomic and molecular analyses revealed that CB1R blockade restored dysregulated arginine metabolism and reduced AKT/NF-{kappa}B-p65 pathway in post-AKI kidneys, linking CB1R activation to inflammatory signaling. In hKPTCs, 2-AG-induced activation of CB1R increased VCAM1 expression, a failed-repair marker, while its antagonism reduced TNF/2-AG-induced expression of pro-inflammatory adhesion molecules, chemokines, cytokines, and arginine metabolism enzymes.

ConclusionsCB1R overactivation drives AKI-to-CKD progression by promoting inflammatory signaling and metabolic dysregulation. Peripheral CB1R blockade during the repair phase represents a novel therapeutic strategy to prevent maladaptive repair and CKD development after AKI. These findings establish CB1R as a phase-specific therapeutic target for post-AKI intervention.

Translational StatementPeripheral CB1R antagonists offer a first-in-class therapeutic strategy to halt progression from acute kidney injury (AKI) to chronic kidney disease (CKD) by selectively targeting maladaptive tubular repair. By blocking CB1R signaling specifically in the kidney, these agents attenuate inflammation, metabolic dysregulation, and fibrogenic pathways that drive failed repair, while sparing central nervous system CB1R and thereby minimizing neuropsychiatric adverse effects. This phase-specific, peripherally restricted approach supports the development of peripheral CB1R antagonists as a viable translational therapy to improve long-term renal outcomes after AKI.
]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[ Rothner, A., Hinden, L., Kogot-Levin, A., Betkar, S., Benkovitz, E., Zoabi, A., Permyakova, A., Kleiner, A., Nesterenko, V., Nemirovski, A., Abramovich, I., Agranovich, B., Plaschkes, I., Gottlieb, E., Margulis, K., Leibowitz, G., Tam, J. ]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2026-08-05</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.64898/2026.07.31.741993</dc:identifier>
<dc:title><![CDATA[Peripheral CB1R Blockade Suppresses AKI-to-CKD Maladaptive Repair]]></dc:title>
<dc:publisher>Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory</dc:publisher>
<prism:publicationDate>2026-08-05</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section></prism:section>
</item>
<item rdf:about="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.08.03.742553v1?rss=1">
<title>
<![CDATA[
Closed-loop robotic interactions reveal dynamic social filtering in schooling fish 
]]>
</title>
<link>
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.08.03.742553v1?rss=1
</link>
<description><![CDATA[
Collective motion emerges from local interactions among individuals, yet whether interaction rules inferred from trajectory data correspond to the mechanisms actually used by animals remains unresolved. Here, we address this question using an autonomous closed-loop robotic fish implementing a data-driven model of social interactions reconstructed from the schooling fish Hemigrammus rhodostomus. The robot continuously updated its behavior from real-time tracking of freely swimming fish while reproducing spontaneous locomotion, wall avoidance, and anisotropic attraction and alignment. We compared entirely biological groups, biohybrid groups containing one robotic fish, and numerical simulations using identical behavioral descriptors across isolated individuals, pairs, and groups of five fish. The robotic fish successfully integrated into natural schools and reproduced the principal signatures of collective coordination, providing the first direct causal validation of interaction rules reconstructed from behavioral trajectories. Biohybrid experiments showed that a robot responding only to its single most influential neighbor was sufficient to sustain natural collective coordination. By contrast, numerical simulations reproduced the behavior of biological groups most accurately when each fish interacted with its two most influential neighbors. This discrepancy identifies the contribution of hydrodynamic interactions, which remain available to living fish but are absent from the robotic controller, demonstrating that physical and behavioral interactions jointly shape collective organization. These findings establish closed-loop biohybrid robotics as a powerful framework for experimentally testing the mechanisms underlying collective animal behavior.

SignificanceInferring the behavioral mechanisms underlying collective animal behavior from trajectory data alone cannot establish causality. We combined a data-driven model of fish social interactions with an autonomous closed-loop robotic fish that continuously interacted with freely swimming conspecifics. This biohybrid approach provides the first direct causal validation of interaction rules reconstructed from behavioral trajectories. Comparing biological groups, biohybrid groups, and numerical simulations further reveals that hydrodynamic interactions complement social interactions in shaping collective organization. While living fish require information from their two most influential neighbors to reproduce natural schools, a robotic fish lacking hydrodynamic feedback achieves comparable coordination by responding to only its single most influential neighbor, demonstrating the power of closed-loop biohybrid robotics for testing mechanisms of collective behavior.
]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[ Papaspyros, V., Barhoumi, Y., Escobedo, R., Mondada, F., Sire, C., Theraulaz, G. ]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2026-08-05</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.64898/2026.08.03.742553</dc:identifier>
<dc:title><![CDATA[Closed-loop robotic interactions reveal dynamic social filtering in schooling fish]]></dc:title>
<dc:publisher>Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory</dc:publisher>
<prism:publicationDate>2026-08-05</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section></prism:section>
</item>
<item rdf:about="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.08.04.742699v1?rss=1">
<title>
<![CDATA[
Tracing information propagation in fish schools with a conditioned escape response 
]]>
</title>
<link>
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.08.04.742699v1?rss=1
</link>
<description><![CDATA[
Collective escape responses are widespread in animal groups, yet how threat-related information spreads from a few informed individuals to the collective remains poorly understood because the identities of the individuals who initially detect danger are rarely experimentally controlled. Here, we combined aversive conditioning, behavioural tracking, and computational modelling to investigate how escape information propagates through schools of Puntigrus tetrazona. We conditioned selected fish to associate a green light with an aversive stimulus. Subsequently, we tested the escape response of schools containing one informed and four naive fish to the green light. One informed fish was sufficient to trigger a collective escape response. Upon stimulus onset, conditioned fish accelerated and crossed the hurdle, after which naive fish sequentially increased their speed and followed. Temporal correlations in speed revealed a hierarchical leader-follower structure mostly aligned with hurdle-crossing order. Neither initial distance, viewing angle, nor relative orientation to informed fish predicted the order of the escape sequence. An agent-based model incorporating local alignment and distance regulation reproduced experimental observations and suggested that the informed individual likely remains partly attentive to its neighbours during escape. Overall, our work provides a general framework for experimentally dissecting information transfer in animal groups and identifying the behavioural mechanisms underlying collective escape dynamics.
]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[ Jadhav, V., Aimon, C., Lamshana, F., Trendafilov, D., Escobedo, R., Sire, C., Theraulaz, G., Guttal, V. ]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2026-08-05</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.64898/2026.08.04.742699</dc:identifier>
<dc:title><![CDATA[Tracing information propagation in fish schools with a conditioned escape response]]></dc:title>
<dc:publisher>Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory</dc:publisher>
<prism:publicationDate>2026-08-05</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section></prism:section>
</item>
<item rdf:about="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.07.30.741621v1?rss=1">
<title>
<![CDATA[
NC4touch: An open-source networked touchscreen apparatus for rodent behavioral testing 
]]>
</title>
<link>
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.07.30.741621v1?rss=1
</link>
<description><![CDATA[
In recent years, rodent touchscreen-based paradigms have gained popularity for their flexible task design, automated data collection and improved standardization. These devices minimize experimenter intervention and contribute to more replicable and reliable research. However, the high costs and proprietary hardware / software associated with commercially available systems present a financial barrier for smaller labs or researchers with limited resources. To address this issue, we developed "NC4Touch", an open-source scalable, modular rodent testing apparatus. It features three independent touchscreens and a feeding port for easy use in a wide array of tests comparable to those available with standard operant chambers, with the added benefit that visual stimuli can be highly customized. The system includes a user-friendly graphical interface that offers real-time control, task customization, video recording, and data management. We demonstrate its effectiveness in a visual discrimination task using both rats and mice. Several devices can be operated in parallel from the same computer and user interface, allowing high- throughput data collection. We provide detailed assembly instructions for the hardware and well- documented and easily-configurable software. We hope that the affordable open-source nature of NC4Touch will expand the scope of behavioral testing, allowing researchers to overcome traditional financial barriers and create a more collaborative community.

Significance StatementTouchscreen-based testing is a powerful tool for assessing cognition in rodent models, however commercial systems remain cost-prohibitive for many researchers. NC4Touch is a rodent touchscreen apparatus that provides an open-source, customizable, and affordable alternative that enables high-throughput, cognitive testing in both mice and rats. By lowering financial barriers and promoting hackability, this system enables greater accessibility and collaboration in research.
]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[ Modara, G., Lester, A. W., Cooke, M., Schwein, I., Li, V., Zhang, J., Wong, A., Cid, L., Snyder, J. S., Madhav, M. ]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2026-08-04</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.64898/2026.07.30.741621</dc:identifier>
<dc:title><![CDATA[NC4touch: An open-source networked touchscreen apparatus for rodent behavioral testing]]></dc:title>
<dc:publisher>Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory</dc:publisher>
<prism:publicationDate>2026-08-04</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section></prism:section>
</item>
<item rdf:about="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.07.30.741669v1?rss=1">
<title>
<![CDATA[
Opposing influences of sensory and response history in larval zebrafish 
]]>
</title>
<link>
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.07.30.741669v1?rss=1
</link>
<description><![CDATA[
Variability is a prominent feature of animal behavior across species. Despite highly controlled experimental conditions, the same individual often responds differently to repeated identical stimulation. Part of this variability can be explained by the sequence of previous sensory stimuli and decision-making events - the trial history. Most studies about trial history are limited to animals that have a cortex, such as rodents or primates, observed as they perform learned cognitive tasks. It is currently unknown whether trial history can shape the behavior of animals lacking cortical structures during untrained, naturalistic behaviors. Here, we address this question in larval zebrafish, performing the optomotor response, an innate sensorimotor behavior in which animals turn in the direction of whole-field visual motion. We observed that a substantial proportion of variability can be explained by recent stimulation and decision-making events, with influences lasting for tens of minutes. Intriguingly, sensory and response histories bias the current response in opposite directions - repulsive and attractive, respectively - analogous to what has been previously reported in humans and rodents. An integrator model operating across multiple timescales explains a considerable fraction of response variability based on trial history alone. Our findings demonstrate that history dependency in animal behavior is not an exclusive feature of higher-order cortical computation after learning, but that it reflects a fundamental and evolutionarily shared property of vertebrate sensorimotor systems.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTBehavioral variability is often attributed to noise in sensory and neural processing. We show instead that much of this variability can arise predictably from an animals recent sensory and response history. In freely swimming larval zebrafish performing an innate visual behavior, previous stimuli and responses exert opposing, long-lasting influences: sensory history biases behavior away from the past, whereas response history promotes repetition. Such trial-to-trial effects are increasingly recognized in cognitive neuroscience but, to our knowledge, have not previously been demonstrated in a nonmammalian vertebrate. Their presence in zebrafish, a model system offering brain-wide neural access and powerful molecular tools, creates new opportunities to identify potentially conserved circuit mechanisms underlying persistent sensorimotor computations.

HIGHLIGHTSO_LIVisual motion and response histories have opposing influences on behavior
C_LIO_LIStimulus history negatively biases response direction over tens of seconds
C_LIO_LIAnimals tend to repeat responses across trials, a positive bias that slowly increases over minutes
C_LIO_LIA deterministic model applied to experimental sessions explains considerable fractions of response variability
C_LI
]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[ Mangalwedhekar, A., Hunt, S., Hachen, I., Bahl, A. ]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2026-08-04</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.64898/2026.07.30.741669</dc:identifier>
<dc:title><![CDATA[Opposing influences of sensory and response history in larval zebrafish]]></dc:title>
<dc:publisher>Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory</dc:publisher>
<prism:publicationDate>2026-08-04</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section></prism:section>
</item>
</rdf:RDF>
