bioRxiv Subject Collection: Evolutionary Biology
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This feed contains articles for bioRxiv Subject Collection "Evolutionary Biology"
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Comparison of directional random walk and weighted least squares modeling of sparse fossil data
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https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.06.26.734751v1?rss=1
2026-07-01doi:10.64898/2026.06.26.734751Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory2026-07-01
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From migrants to residents: Genomic insights into adaptive strategies in European robins (Erithacus rubecula)
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https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.06.26.734870v1?rss=1
2026-07-01doi:10.64898/2026.06.26.734870Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory2026-07-01
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Nuclear phylogenomics clarifies the family-level backbone and gene-tree conflict in Zingiberales
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https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.06.25.734679v1?rss=1
2026-07-01doi:10.64898/2026.06.25.734679Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory2026-07-01
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Evolutionary Origins of Molecular Programs Underlying Brain Circuitry
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https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.06.29.735061v1?rss=1
2026-07-01doi:10.64898/2026.06.29.735061Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory2026-07-01
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An adhesion GPCR regulates cell adhesion and mating in the closest living relatives of metazoans
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https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.06.27.734982v1?rss=1
2026-07-01doi:10.64898/2026.06.27.734982Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory2026-07-01
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In search of intralocus sexual conflict in the multivariate and local genetic architecture of metabolic traits in humans
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https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.06.28.735027v1?rss=1
2026-07-01doi:10.64898/2026.06.28.735027Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory2026-07-01
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Diversifications of both the three domains of life and SARS-CoV-2 possibly driven by biases between amino acid biosynthetic families
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https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.06.22.733698v1?rss=1
2026-06-30doi:10.64898/2026.06.22.733698Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory2026-06-30
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CoalMiner: a coalescent model generator for fastsimcoal2
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https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.06.25.734618v1?rss=1
2026-06-30doi:10.64898/2026.06.25.734618Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory2026-06-30
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Indirect genomic effects shape cancer risk across species
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https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.06.29.735167v1?rss=1
150 million years of evolutionary change. We identify 3,206 genes in which natural selection is associated with shifts in tumour prevalence, with more than 80% of which are linked to reduced prevalence, suggesting pervasive selection for cancer suppression. Using causal phylogenetic inference, we show that genes associated with reduced tumour prevalence act predominantly through indirect effects on body size, revealing growth as a key mediator of cancer risk across species. In contrast, genes associated with increased tumour prevalence exert direct effects independent of body size. Finally, at the species-level, we demonstrate that exceptionally low rates of benign tumours do not necessarily coincide with reduced malignancy, revealing that benign and malignant tumour processes are evolutionarily decoupled. Together, these results reveal how natural selection has fine-tuned the link between genotype, phenotype, and cancer risk across species.
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Phylogenetic Mosaic of an Arms Race with Asymmetrical Sexual Conflict and Its Macroevolutionary Consequences in a Lineage of Small Water Striders
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https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.06.24.734260v1?rss=1
2026-06-30doi:10.64898/2026.06.24.734260Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory2026-06-30
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Phylogenetic correlation between the Type IV Secretion System and HIP1 suggest an adaptation for horizontal gene transfer conserved at the phylum level
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https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.06.24.733823v1?rss=1
2026-06-30doi:10.64898/2026.06.24.733823Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory2026-06-30
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Gene regulatory divergence underlies tissue-specific and sex-specific misexpression in interspecies nematode hybrids
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https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.06.24.734386v1?rss=1
2026-06-30doi:10.64898/2026.06.24.734386Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory2026-06-30
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Comparative genomics of the unusual arachnid order Solifugae spotlight the molecular and genetic basis for adaptations to arid habitats
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https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.06.25.734573v1?rss=1
2026-06-29doi:10.64898/2026.06.25.734573Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory2026-06-29
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Independent origins of fish endothermy converge on a developmental regulatory signature
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https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.06.24.734300v1?rss=1
2026-06-29doi:10.64898/2026.06.24.734300Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory2026-06-29
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The contribution of recent and historical demographic histories to genomic diversity and conservation status in plant species
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https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.06.24.734111v1?rss=1
2026-06-29doi:10.64898/2026.06.24.734111Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory2026-06-29
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Strategic coexistence theory for evolutionary games
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https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.06.24.734261v1?rss=1
2026-06-29doi:10.64898/2026.06.24.734261Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory2026-06-29
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The evolution of structural variation across 500 million years of vertebrate evolution
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https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.06.26.733778v1?rss=1
600 vertebrate species, we comprehensively survey the landscape of SVs across >500 million years of evolution. We identify 35.3 million SVs and 3.12 billion single nucleotide variants (SNVs) segregating between two representative haplotypes across species, with SVs impacting [~]12-fold more base pairs. SV and SNV heterozygosity are correlated across species, with endangered and threatened species exhibiting reduced genetic diversity. However, the contribution of SVs relative to SNVs fundamentally differs across major vertebrate clades: given the same number of SNVs, fishes, amphibians, and reptiles have 4.3-to-9.1 times the number of SVs than birds, and 1.7-to-3.6 times more than mammals. This reduction in the relative contribution of SVs in mammals and birds is linked to fewer non-repeat-associated SVs as well as lower transposable element (TE) abundance and diversity. We identify features underlying genomic instability across vertebrates, finding that SVs frequently occur in repetitive and SNV-rich regions and are mediated by both homology and non-canonical DNA structures. Notably, G-quadruplex structures are enriched 11.5-fold around SV breakpoints in birds, while Z-DNA structures are enriched 2.2-fold in cartilaginous fishes. TEs uniquely contribute to SVs both directly through transposition and indirectly by mediating ectopic recombination, with the proportion of TE-mediated SVs influenced by both genomic TE density and diversity. We identify >10,000 instances of recent TE turnover including extinction of LINE-2 in therian mammals and slowing of CR1 activity in passerine birds. Finally, we show that SVs have an outsized role in functional genetic variation and are >70 times more likely to strongly impact protein-coding sequences than SNVs. While SVs are on average deleterious, we identify extensive recurrent structural variation across multiple taxa in genes involved in sensory, immune, and metabolic systems. Together, this study highlights extraordinary variation in the abundance, composition, mechanism, and functional impact of SVs across vertebrates.
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Genomic Distortion of Jawed Vertebrate Phylogeny
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https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.06.28.735080v1?rss=1
2026-06-29doi:10.64898/2026.06.28.735080Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory2026-06-29
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Scalable ARG-free Detection of Denisovan-mediated Superarchaic Introgression Reveals Heterogeneous Patterns across Populations
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https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.06.25.734355v1?rss=1
2026-06-29doi:10.64898/2026.06.25.734355Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory2026-06-29
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Conservation rescued the Mauritius kestrel from extinction but not from genomic erosion
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https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.06.23.733933v1?rss=1
2026-06-28doi:10.64898/2026.06.23.733933Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory2026-06-28
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Minicollagen expression dynamics reveal a transcriptional program for cnidogenesis in the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis
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https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.06.23.733813v1?rss=1
2026-06-28doi:10.64898/2026.06.23.733813Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory2026-06-28
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Dozens of genetic variants sustain adaptation to urban spatial heterogeneity in Arabidopsis thaliana
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https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.06.27.734931v1?rss=1
2026-06-28doi:10.64898/2026.06.27.734931Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory2026-06-28
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Genomic predictions of climate change vulnerability in the emblematic mountain butterfly Parnassius apollo
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https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.06.22.733620v1?rss=1
2026-06-28doi:10.64898/2026.06.22.733620Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory2026-06-28
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Inference of fitness landscapes with heterogeneous patterns of epistasis across sites
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https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.06.25.734428v1?rss=1
2026-06-28doi:10.64898/2026.06.25.734428Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory2026-06-28
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The genomic origins and evolutionary path to a key innovation in the world's most venomous snakes
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https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.06.23.733212v1?rss=1
2026-06-28doi:10.64898/2026.06.23.733212Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory2026-06-28
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Sociality changes Gene Essentiality
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https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.06.23.734044v1?rss=1
2026-06-28doi:10.64898/2026.06.23.734044Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory2026-06-28
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Bacteriophage Heteroresistance as a Cause of Treatment Failure in Urinary Tract Infections
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https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.06.26.734749v1?rss=1
2026-06-27doi:10.64898/2026.06.26.734749Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory2026-06-27
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Comparing genomic inbreeding of an isolated rhesus macaque study population to wild populations
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https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.06.26.734461v1?rss=1
4 centimorgans long after imputing the genomes using a reference panel. Our results revealed that the ROH-derived effective population size on Cayo Santiago, 420 individuals, falls within the ranges we inferred in wild populations. Moreover, a general scarcity of individuals with long ROH in both the Cayo and wild populations indicates very few cases of close-kin breeding, suggesting that mechanisms to avoid close-kin breeding operate in rhesus macaques, both in wild and isolated populations. Taken together, our results suggest that Cayo Santiago remains a representative study population.
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Maintenance of viral diversity through influenza transmission bottlenecks: a within-host branching-process model
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https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.06.24.734279v1?rss=1
2026-06-27doi:10.64898/2026.06.24.734279Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory2026-06-27
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Pax6-dependent patterning in an annelid informs the evolution of bilaterian nerve cords
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https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.06.27.734823v1?rss=1
2026-06-27doi:10.64898/2026.06.27.734823Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory2026-06-27